About the Data

Canadian climate data on this website were compiled from the Environment Canada weather station records referenced below. Averages are for the years 1971 to 2000. Record values may not include new extremes set in recent years.

Major cities included in the weather rankings are Canada's 25 metropolitan areas with the largest populations, according to Statistics Canada's 2006 census. These are all the cities in Canada with over 140,000 people. The 25 major centres, in order of metropolitan population size, are: Toronto, Montreal, Vancouver, Ottawa and Gatineau, Calgary, Edmonton, Quebec, Hamilton, Winnipeg, London, Kitchener, St. Catharines and Niagara, Halifax, Windsor, Victoria, Oshawa, Saskatoon, Regina, St. John's, Sherbrooke, Sudbury (Greater and Grand), Abbotsford, Kingston, Saguenay, and Trois-Rivieres.

Seasonal average daily mean, maximum and minimum temperatures were developed by averaging the season's three monthly values for these measures. Summer data are the average of June, July and August data. Winter data are the average of December, January and February data.

Data Sources