Canadian Weather Data Sources
About the Data
Canadian climate data on this website were compiled from the Environment Canada weather station records referenced below. Averages are for the years 1971 to 2000. Record values may not include new extremes set in recent years.
Major cities included in the weather rankings are Canada's 26 metropolitan areas with the largest populations, according to Statistics Canada. These are all the cities in Canada with over 150,000 people in the 2006 census.
The 26 major centres, in order of metropolitan population size, are: Toronto, Montreal, Vancouver, Ottawa and Gatineau, Calgary, Edmonton, Quebec, Winnipeg, Hamilton, London, Kitchener, St. Catharines and Niagara, Halifax, Oshawa, Victoria, Windsor, Saskatoon, Regina, Sherbrooke, St. John's, Barrie, Kelowna, Abbotsford, Sudbury (Greater and Grand), Kingston and Saguenay.
Seasonal average daily mean, maximum and minimum temperatures were developed by averaging the season's three monthly values for these measures. Summer data are the average of June, July and August data. Winter data are the average of December, January and February data.
Data Sources
Environment Canada. Canadian Climate Normals or Averages 1971-2000. Web Page
Environment Canada. Climate Data Online. Web Page
Environment Canada. Climate Trends and Variations Bulletin. Temperature & Precipitation in Historical Perspective. Web Page
David Phillips. 1990. The Climates of Canada. Environment Canada. Ottawa, ON.